5  Technical terms

5.1 Data Science Terms

  • Data: Raw information collected for analysis, which can be structured or unstructured.

  • Data Analytics: Systematic evaluation of data to extract insights and make informed decisions.

  • Data Science: The use of statistical methods and machine learning to generate actionable insights from large datasets.

  • Machine Learning (ML): A method of artificial intelligence where algorithms learn from data to make predictions or decisions.

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI): The ability of machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.

  • Generative AI: AI models designed to generate new content, such as text, images, or audio, based on training data.

  • Predictive AI: AI systems that use historical data to predict future outcomes or trends.

  • Synthetic Data: Artificially generated data that mimics real-world data, often used for training AI models.

  • Support Vector Machines (SVM): A supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression tasks.

  • Clustering: A machine learning technique that groups data points into clusters based on similarity.

  • Backpropagation: A training algorithm for neural networks that adjusts weights to minimize error during learning.

  • Training (AI): The process of teaching an AI model to recognize patterns by exposing it to labeled datasets.

  • Natural Language Processing (NLP): The use of AI techniques to analyze, understand, and generate human language.

  • Embedding Models: AI techniques that convert data such as words or images into numerical representations to facilitate machine learning.

  • Multi-Agent Systems: Systems involving multiple autonomous agents that interact to solve complex problems.

  • API (Application Programming Interface): A set of protocols and tools for building and interacting with software applications.

  • Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG): A technique for enhancing AI models by integrating external knowledge databases to improve response quality.

  • Semantic Search: Search techniques that consider the meaning and context of a query to deliver more relevant results.

  • Remote Sensing: The use of satellite or aerial technology to collect data about the earth’s surface, often used for monitoring energy infrastructure and environmental conditions.


 

5.2 Energy Management Terms

  • Energy Generation: The process of producing electricity from various sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear, or renewable energy.

  • Photovoltaics (PV): Technology that converts sunlight directly into electricity using solar cells.

  • Day-Ahead Market: A wholesale electricity market where energy is traded a day before delivery, based on forecasts.

  • Spot Market: A short-term energy market where electricity is bought and sold for immediate delivery.

  • Intraday Market: A trading platform for buying and selling electricity within the same day to balance short-term fluctuations in supply and demand.

  • Balancing Energy: Reserve energy used to maintain grid stability by matching supply and demand in real-time.

  • Load Forecasting: Predicting the future electricity demand to optimize generation and distribution.

  • Grid Stability: Maintaining a consistent and reliable electricity supply within the power grid.

  • Renewable Energy: Energy generated from natural sources such as wind, solar, and hydro that are replenished naturally.

  • Demand Response: A system where consumers adjust their electricity usage in response to grid signals or price incentives.

  • Energy Storage: Technologies, such as batteries, that store electricity for later use to balance supply and demand.

  • Energy Trading: The buying and selling of electricity and other energy products in wholesale markets.

  • Hydropower: Electricity generated from the energy of moving water.

  • Wind Energy: Power harnessed from the wind to generate electricity using turbines.

  • Peak Load: The maximum electricity demand in a specific time period.

  • Baseload Power: The minimum constant level of electricity generation needed to meet demand.

  • Energy Efficiency: Using less energy to perform the same task or produce the same output.

  • Carbon Neutrality: Achieving net-zero carbon dioxide emissions through energy management and offsetting.

  • Carbon Neutrality: Achieving net-zero carbon dioxide emissions through energy management and offsetting.

  • Energy Transition: The shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources in energy systems.

  • Smart Meters: Digital devices that record electricity consumption in real time and communicate data to energy providers for efficient management.

  • Energie Strategie 2050 (Switzerland): A Swiss federal plan aimed at transitioning to a sustainable energy system by increasing renewable energy usage, improving energy efficiency, and phasing out nuclear power.

  • Decentral Power Generation: The production of electricity at or near the point of use, typically from renewable sources like solar panels or wind turbines, reducing reliance on centralized power plants.